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The meeting is open to the public and can only be accessed virtually. Agenda with call-in information will be where can i buy amoxil posted on the SAMHSA website prior to the meeting at. Https://www.samhsa.gov/​about-us/​advisory-councils/​meetings.

The meeting will include remarks and discussion with the new Assistant Secretary for Mental Health and Substance Use. Updates on where can i buy amoxil SAMHSA priorities. Follow up on topics related to the previous SAMHSA NAC meeting.

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(EDT)/Open. The meeting will be held virtually. Start Further Info Carlos Castillo, Committee Management Start Printed Page 43562Officer and Designated Federal Official, SAMHSA National Advisory Council, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20857 (mail), Telephone.

(240) 276-2787, Email. Carlos.castillo@samhsa.hhs.gov. End Further Info End Preamble Start Supplemental Information The SAMHSA NAC was established to advise the Secretary, Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), and the Assistant Secretary for Mental Health and Substance Use, SAMHSA, to improve the provision of treatments and related services to individuals with respect to substance use and to improve prevention services, promote mental health, and protect legal rights of individuals with mental illness and individuals who are substance users.

Interested persons may present data, information, or views orally or in writing, on issues pending before the Council. Written submissions must be forwarded to the contact person no later than seven days before the meeting. Oral presentations from the public will be scheduled at the conclusion of the meeting.

Individuals interested in making oral presentations must notify the contact person by August 23, 2021. Up to three minutes will be allotted for each presentation, and as time permits. To obtain the call-in number, access code, and/or web access link.

Submit written or brief oral comments. Or request special accommodations for persons with disabilities, please register on-line at. Https://snacregister.samhsa.gov/​MeetingList.aspx, or communicate with SAMHSA's Committee Management Officer, CAPT Carlos Castillo.

Meeting information and a roster of Council members may be obtained either by accessing the SAMHSA Council's website at http://www.samhsa.gov/​about-us/​advisory-councils/​, or by contacting Carlos Castillo. Council Name. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, National Advisory Council.

Authority. Public Law 92-463. Start Signature Dated.

July 30, 2021. Carlos Castillo, Committee Management Officer, SAMHSA. End Signature End Supplemental Information [FR Doc.

2021-16891 Filed 8-6-21. 8:45 am]BILLING CODE 4162-20-PALEXANDRIA, La. (KALB) - Treating patients experiencing mental health issues is challenging for healthcare providers.

In fact, the difficulty increases for those servicing individuals in rural areas.“It’s been studied that rural residents don’t receive their primary care and preventive screenings as much as they should,” Katie Corkern, the Executive Director of Louisiana Rural Mental Health Alliance, said. €œThat makes it even more likely that they won’t receive their mental health care.”Corken submitted data showing one in 25 people in Louisiana experience serious mental illness. She said a major hurdle and disparities for those in rural communities is access to mental services.“For every 340 citizens, there’s only one licensed mental health professional.

That number grows larger in Central Louisiana,” she said.Louisiana needs more than 200 mental health workers to meet the current professional worker shortage.(Source. HRSA)The Health Resources and Services Administration published information in July 2021, demonstrating the great need for mental health professionals. For example, Rapides Parish is included in the dark blue category, indicating a major shortage in the area.“It’s definitely hard to get access to care.

It’s truly a crisis.”The effects of the mental health professional shortages also influence hiring decisions for local mental health organizations. Michael Moto, CEO and owner of Healing Hands and Hearts Behavioral Health Center, said it is challenging getting trained people into the field. He also said male mental health professionals are in dire need.

His center currently employs one male case manager.“Most of the issues we see are children without the parent in the home, particularly the father,” Moto said.He said the shortage puts a strain on mental health organizations. He also believes male mental health workers play a vital role in community health.“By not having male case managers, we’re not able to help those clients that need male role models and guidance in their lives,” he said.Those role models at an early age can improve health and overall life outcomes because many in the state’s juvenile justice system experience mental illness.“Students drop out of school because they’re getting in trouble because their mental needs and mental health needs aren’t being met,” Corken said. €œThere’s drug addiction, incarceration, violence, job stability and, sadly, suicide.

The rate is every 12 hours, one person in Louisiana dies by suicide.”Corken said the most important thing is breaking down stigmas and barriers like transportation and bringing services to patients.“It’s so difficult in a rural area because sometimes the closest practitioner can be easily over an hour from someone’s house, so that makes it incredibly difficult to receive continuing treatment, let alone just one treatment,” she said.She also claims the expansion of telehealth services leaves many rural families without healthcare because of the state’s broadband infrastructure. A coalition of non-profits and other groups identified 17 parishes in Louisiana as broadband deserts—a parish with 50% or less broadband coverage.“That’s definitely just another barrier,” she said. €œIf you can’t receive these specialized behavioral health services inpatient, reach out to us.

We will try and connect you with a provider that’s in your area, goes into homes and treats kids and families so that they can lead productive lives.”RESOURCES:National Suicide Hotline. 1-800-273-8255Healing Hands and Hearts Behavioral Center. 1-318-625-7050Click here to contact the Rural Mental Health Alliance Click here to report a typo.Copyright 2021 KALB.

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Notes1 Where to buy generic zithromax can you buy amoxil over the counter. R. C Keller can you buy amoxil over the counter (2006). "Geographies of power, legacies of mistrust.

Colonial medicine in the global present." Historical Geography no. 34:26-48.2. Bridget Pratt et al. (2018).

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Richard Horton (2013). "Offline. Is global health neocolonialist?. " The Lancet no.

382 (9906):1690. Doi. 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62379-X4. Anonymous (2019).

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S. S Amrith (2006). Decolonizing international health. India and Southeast Asia, 1930–65.

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Michel Foucault and the relevance of his work to the third world." Alternatives no. 10 (3):377-400. Doi. 10.1177/0304375484010003047.

UNDG (2013). A million voices. The world we want. A sustainable future with dignity for all.

New York, NY. United Nations Development Group.8. WHO (2019). Speech by the Director-General.

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C Keller (2006). Geographies of power, legacies of mistrust. Colonial medicine in the global present.10. Mishal S Khan et al.

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34 (3):178–187. Doi. 10.1093/heapol/czz02211. Clare I R Chandler (2019).

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10.1057/s41599-019-0263-412. In the area of antimicrobial use for human health, other problem areas include, for example, public hygiene and disease prevention, regulated access to medicines, disease diagnosis, or market conditions for the development of new antimicrobials. The Review on Antimicrobial Resistance (2016). Tackling drug-resistant s globally.

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"General population's knowledge and attitudes about antibiotics. A systematic review and meta-analysis." Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety no. 24 (1):2-10. Doi.

10.1002/pds.371616. H Haak and A. Radyowijati (2010). "Determinants of antimicrobial use.

Poorly understood, poorly researched." In Antimicrobial resistance in developing countries, edited by Sosa, Byarugaba, Amábile-Cuevas, Hsueh, Kariuki and Okeke, 283-300. New York, NY. Springer.17. These problems persist despite encouraging trends.

For example, the field is becoming increasingly multidisciplinary through the involvement of several United Nations agencies alongside WHO in governing AMR, and AMR policy narratives are slowly broadening the hitherto hyper-individualised and behaviour change focus of global action plans. Connor Rochford et al. (2018). "Global governance of antimicrobial resistance." The Lancet no.

391 (10134):1976-1978. Doi. 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31117-6, WHO, FAO, and OIE (2018). Monitoring global progress on addressing antimicrobial resistance.

Analysis report of the second round of results of AMR country self-assessment survey 2018. Geneva. World Health Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), WHO (2017). Antimicrobial Resistance Behaviour Change first informal technical consultation, 6-7 November, 2017 Château de Penthes, Geneva.

Meeting Report. Geneva. World Health Organization, Elise Klein and China Mills (2017). "Psy-expertise, therapeutic culture and the politics of the personal in development." Third World Quarterly no.

38 (9):1990-2008. Doi. 10.1080/01436597.2017.131927718. Emma R M Cohen et al.

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Swindon.21. C Wilson, P. Manners, and S. Duncan (2014).

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Also referred to as ‘community engagement’, ‘patient and public involvement’ (PPI) in research, or in some instances also as participatory research. S. Staniszewska et al. (2017).

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15 (3):22-36.23. J Redfern et al. (2018). "Spreading the message of antimicrobial resistance.

A detailed account of a successful public engagement event." FEMS Microbiology Letters no. 365 (16). Doi. 10.1093/femsle/fny17524.

Victoria Jane Hume et al. (2018). "Biomedicine and the humanities. Growing pains." Medical Humanities no.

44 (4):230-238. Doi. 10.1136/medhum-2018-01148125. Astrid Treffry-Goatley et al.

(2018). Ibid. "Community engagement with HIV drug adherence in rural South Africa. A transdisciplinary approach." 239-246.

Doi. 10.1136/medhum-2018-01147426. L Jordanova (2014). "Medicine and the visual arts." In Medicine, health and the arts.

Approaches to medical humanities, edited by Bates, Bleakley and Goodman, 41-63. Abingdon. Routledge.27. Angela Ross Perfetti (2018).

"Fate and the clinic. A multidisciplinary consideration of fatalism in health behaviour." Medical Humanities no. 44 (1):59-62. Doi.

10.1136/medhum-2017-01131928. Devan Stahl et al. (2016). "Seeing illness in art and medicine.

A patient and printmaker collaboration." Ibid. No. 42 (3):155-159. Doi.

10.1136/medhum-2015-01083829. Jonatan Wistrand and J Wistrand (2017). "When doctors are patients. A narrative study of help-seeking behaviour among addicted physicians." Ibid.

No. 43 (1):19-23. Doi. 10.1136/medhum-2016-01100230.

A. Carson (2015). Medical humanities. An introduction.

New York, NY. Cambridge University Press.31. Daniel Holman and Erica Borgstrom (2016). "Applying social theory to understand health-related behaviours." Medical Humanities no.

42 (2):143-145. Doi. 10.1136/medhum-2015-01068832. Hume, et al., Biomedicine and the humanities.

Growing pains.33. A Carusi (2016). "Modelling systems biomedicine. Intertwinement and the 'real'." In The Edinburgh companion to the critical medical humanities, edited by Whitehead, Woods, Atkinson, Macnaughton and Richards, 50-65.

Edinburgh. Edinburgh University Press.34. Jordanova, Medicine and the visual arts.35. Stahl and Stahl, Seeing illness in art and medicine.

A patient and printmaker collaboration.36. William Viney et al. (2015). "Critical medical humanities.

Embracing entanglement, taking risks." Ibid. No. 41 (1):2-7. Doi.

10.1136/medhum-2015-01069237. J Cole and S. Gallagher (2016). "Narrative and clinical neuroscience.

Can phenomenologically informed approaches and empirical work cross-fertilise?. " In The Edinburgh companion to the critical medical humanities, edited by Whitehead, Woods, Atkinson, Macnaughton and Richards, 377-394. Edinburgh. Edinburgh University Press.38.

J Macnaughton and H. Carel (2016). Ibid."Breathing and breathlessness in clinic and culture. Using critical medical humanities to bridge an epistemic gap." In, 294-309.39.

P J Pelto and G H Pelto (1997). 1997. "Studying knowledge, culture, and behavior in applied medical anthropology." Medical Anthropology Quarterly no. 11 (2):147-163.40.

Lindsay Prior (2003) "Belief, knowledge and expertise. The emergence of the lay expert in medical sociology." Sociology of Health &. Illness no. 25 (3):41-57.

Doi. 10.1111/1467-9566.0033941. E Oliveira and J. Vearey (2018).

"Making research and building knowledge with communities. Examining three participatory visual and narrative projects with migrants who sell sex in South Africa." In Creating social change through creativity. Anti-oppressive arts-based research methodologies, edited by Capous-Desyllas and Morgaine, 265-287. Cham.

Springer.42. Komatra Chuengsatiansup and Wirun Limsawart (2019). "Tuberculosis in the borderlands. Migrants, microbes and more-than-human borders." Palgrave Communications no.

5 (1):31. Doi. 10.1057/s41599-019-0239-443. R Garden (2014).

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Holman and Borgstrom, Applying social theory to understand health-related behaviours.45. Claas Kirchhelle (2018). "Pharming animals. A global history of antibiotics in food production (1935–2017)." Palgrave Communications no.

4 (96). Doi. 10.1057/s41599-018-0152-246. Hannah Landecker (2019).

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The role of information design." 24. Doi. 10.1057/s41599-019-0231-z48. Pelto and Pelto, Studying knowledge, culture, and behavior in applied medical anthropology.49.

May Sudhinaraset et al. (2013). "What is the role of informal healthcare providers in developing countries?. A systematic review." PLoS ONE no.

8 (2):e54978. Doi. 10.1371/journal.pone.005497850. Viroj Tangcharoensathien, Sunicha Chanvatik, and Angkana Sommanustweechai (2018).

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World Health Organization.52. WHO, Antibiotic resistance. Multi-country public awareness survey, 42.53. Gualano, et al.

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"Antibiotic use and upper respiratory s. A survey of knowledge, attitudes, and experience in Wisconsin and Minnesota." Preventive Medicine no. 34 (3):346-352. Doi.

10.1006/pmed.2001.099255. Miao Yu et al. (2014). "Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of parents in rural China on the use of antibiotics in children.

A cross-sectional study." BMC Infectious Diseases no. 14 (112). Doi. 10.1186/1471-2334-14-11256.

Abdelmoneim Ismail Awad and Esraa Abdulwahid Aboud (2015). "Knowledge, attitude and practice towards antibiotic use among the public in Kuwait." PLoS ONE no. 10 (2):e0117910. Doi.

10.1371/journal.pone.011791057. Chandler, Current accounts of antimicrobial resistance. Stabilisation, individualisation and antibiotics as infrastructure.58. Jie Chang et al.

(2018). "Non-prescription use of antibiotics among children in urban China. A cross-sectional survey of knowledge, attitudes, and practices." Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy no. 16 (2):163-172.

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A systematic review and meta-analysis.60. A R McCullough et al. (2016). "A systematic review of the public's knowledge and beliefs about antibiotic resistance." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy no.

71 (1):27-33. Doi. 10.1093/jac/dkv31061. Abel Santiago Muri-Gama, Albert Figueras, and Silvia Regina Secoli (2018).

"Inappropriately prescribed and over-the-counter antimicrobials in the Brazilian Amazon Basin. We need to promote more rational use even in remote places." PLoS ONE no. 13 (e0201579). Doi.

10.1371/journal.pone.020157962. A Launiala (2009). "How much can a KAP survey tell us about people's knowledge, attitudes and practices?. Some observations from medical anthropology research on malaria in pregnancy in Malawi." Anthropology Matters no.

11 (1).63. Pamela Das et al. (2016). "Antibiotics.

Achieving the balance between access and excess." The Lancet no. 387 (10014):102-104. Doi. 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00729-164.

C Olivier et al. (2010). "Containing global antibiotic resistance. Ethical drug promotion in the developing world." In Antimicrobial resistance in developing countries, edited by Sosa, Byarugaba, Amábile-Cuevas, Hsueh, Kariuki and Okeke, 505-524.

New York, NY. Springer.65. Chandler, Current accounts of antimicrobial resistance. Stabilisation, individualisation and antibiotics as infrastructure.66.

Chandler, Current accounts of antimicrobial resistance. Stabilisation, individualisation and antibiotics as infrastructure.67. Steve Hinchliffe, Andrea Butcher, and Muhammad Meezanur Rahman (2018). "The AMR problem.

Demanding economies, biological margins, and co-producing alternative strategies." Ibid. No. 4 (142). Doi.

10.1057/s41599-018-0195-468. Chuengsatiansup and Limsawart, Tuberculosis in the borderlands. Migrants, microbes and more-than-human borders.69. Khan, et al, ‘LMICs as reservoirs of AMR’.

A comparative analysis of policy discourse on antimicrobial resistance with reference to Pakistan.70. Didier Wernli et al. (2017). "Mapping global policy discourse on antimicrobial resistance." BMJ Global Health no.

2 (e000378). Doi. 10.1136/bmjgh-2017-00037871. Nancy J Hawkings, Fiona Wood, and Christopher C Butler (2007).

"Public attitudes towards bacterial resistance. A qualitative study." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy no. 59 (6):1155-1160. Doi.

10.1093/jac/dkm10372. McCullough, et al. A systematic review of the public's knowledge and beliefs about antibiotic resistance.73. Muri-Gama, et al.

Inappropriately prescribed and over-the-counter antimicrobials in the Brazilian Amazon Basin. We need to promote more rational use even in remote places.74. David G Allison et al. (2017).

"Antibiotic resistance awareness. A public engagement approach for all pharmacists." International Journal of Pharmacy Practice no. 25 (1):93-96. Doi.

10.1111/ijpp.1228775. Mark Davis et al. (2018). "Understanding media publics and the antimicrobial resistance crisis." Global Public Health no.

13 (9):1158-1168. Doi. 10.1080/17441692.2017.133624876. Simon J Howard et al.

(2013). "Antibiotic resistance. Global response needed." The Lancet Infectious Diseases no. 13 (12):1001-1003.

Doi. 10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70195-677. Renly Lim et al. (2016).

"Village drama against malaria." The Lancet no. 388 (10063):2990. Doi. 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32519-378.

Deborah Nyirenda et al. (2018). "Public engagement in Malawi through a health-talk radio programme ‘Umoyo nkukambirana’. A mixed-methods evaluation." Public Understanding of Science no.

27 (2):229-242. Doi. 10.1177/096366251665611079. Redfern, et al.

Spreading the message of antimicrobial resistance. A detailed account of a successful public engagement event.80. Sungjong Roh et al. (2018).

"Public understanding of One Health messages. The role of temporal framing." Public Understanding of Science no. 27 (2):185-196. Doi.

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17 (57). Doi. 10.1186/s12910-016-0140-284. Seye Abimbola (2020).

"Beyond positive a priori bias. Reframing community engagement in LMICs (epub ahead of print)." Health Promotion International. Doi. 10.1093/heapro/daz02385.

Keikelame and Swartz, Decolonising research methodologies. Lessons from a qualitative research project, Cape Town, South Africa.86. Kenneth M Boyd (2000). "Disease, illness, sickness, health, healing and wholeness.

Exploring some elusive concepts." Medical Humanities no. 26 (1):9-17. Doi. 10.1136/mh.26.1.987.

Hume, et al., Biomedicine and the humanities. Growing pains.88. I Bamforth (2000). "Kafka's uncle.

Scenes from a world of trust infected by suspicion." Ibid. No. 26 (2):85-91. Doi.

10.1136/mh.26.2.8589. Wistrand, When doctors are patients. A narrative study of help-seeking behaviour among addicted physicians.90. Garden, Social studies.

The humanities, narrative, and the social context of the patient-professional relationship.91. A Harpin (2016). "Broadmoor performed. A theatrical hospital." In The Edinburgh companion to the critical medical humanities, edited by Whitehead, Woods, Atkinson, Macnaughton and Richards, 577-595.

Edinburgh. Edinburgh University Press.92. Jordanova, Medicine and the visual arts.93. Stahl and Stahl, Seeing illness in art and medicine.

A patient and printmaker collaboration.94. K G Sweeney et al. (2001). "A comparison of professionals' and patients' understanding of asthma.

Evidence of emerging dualities?. " Ibid. No. 27 (1):20-25.

Doi. 10.1136/mh.27.1.2095. Treffry-Goatley, et al., Community engagement with HIV drug adherence in rural South Africa. A transdisciplinary approach.96.

R. J Hester (2016). "Culture in medicine. An argument against competence." In The Edinburgh companion to the critical medical humanities, edited by Whitehead, Woods, Atkinson, Macnaughton and Richards, 541-558.

Edinburgh. Edinburgh University Press.97. L Jerke, M. Prendergast, and W.

Dobson (2018). "Smoking cessation in mental health communities. A living newspaper applied theatre project." In Creating social change through creativity. Anti-oppressive arts-based research methodologies, edited by Capous-Desyllas and Morgaine, 171-186.

Cham. Springer.98. Sweeney, et al. A comparison of professionals' and patients' understanding of asthma.

Evidence of emerging dualities?. 99. S Switzer (2018). "What’s in an image?.

Towards a critical and interdisciplinary reading of participatory visual methods." In Creating social change through creativity. Anti-oppressive arts-based research methodologies, edited by Capous-Desyllas and Morgaine, 189-207. Cham. Springer.100.

Cole and Gallagher, Narrative and clinical neuroscience. Can phenomenologically informed approaches and empirical work cross-fertilise?. , 378.101. Cole, et al.

Medical humanities. An introduction.102. J Herman (2001). "Medicine.

The science and the art." Medical Humanities no. 27 (1):42-46. Doi. 10.1136/mh.27.1.42103.

[Viney, et al. Critical medical humanities. Embracing entanglement, taking risks.104. R.

K Yin (2003). Case study research. Design and methods. Thousand Oaks, CA.

Sage.105. Marco J Haenssgen et al. (2018)106. S.

L Gilman (2015). Illness and image. Case studies in the medical humanities. New York, NY.

Taylor &. Francis.107. HarbarthM Haughton (2018). Staging trauma.

Bodies in shadow. London. Palgrave Macmillan.108. S Hodge, J Robinson, and P Davis (2007).

"Reading between the lines. The experiences of taking part in a community reading project." Medical Humanities no. 33 (2):100-104. Doi.

10.1136/jmh.2006.000256109. Hume, et al. Biomedicine and the humanities. Growing pains.110.

Saam Idelji-Tehrani and Muna Al-Jawad (2019). "Exploring gendered leadership stereotypes in a shared leadership model in healthcare. A case study." Ibid. No.

45:388-398. Doi. 10.1136/medhum-2018-011517111. Suze M P J Jans et al.

(2012). "A case study of haemoglobinopathy screening in the Netherlands. Witnessing the past, lessons for the future." Ethnicity &. Health no.

17 (3):217-239. Doi. 10.1080/13557858.2011.604126112. Hume, et al., Biomedicine and the humanities.

Growing pains.113. Cole and Gallagher, Narrative and clinical neuroscience. Can phenomenologically informed approaches and empirical work cross-fertilise?. 114.

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The emergence of the lay expert in medical sociology.117. Gilman, Illness and image. Case studies in the medical humanities.118. Cole and Gallagher, Narrative and clinical neuroscience.

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The research was reviewed and approved by the University of Oxford Tropical Research Ethics Committee (Ref. OxTREC 528-17), and it received local ethical approval in Thailand from the Mae Fah Luang University Research Ethics Committee on Human Research (Ref. REH 60099). The service evaluation of the photo exhibition involved anonymised data collection and received a waiver for ethical approval from the University of Warwick Humanities &.

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The questionnaire did so by showing all survey respondents three images of common antibiotic capsules being used in Chiang Rai (green-blue. Amoxicillin. Red-black. Cloxacillin.

White-blue. Azithromycin—see questionnaire page 10 in the online supplementary material). Respondents were asked to name what they saw, and all their answers were recorded (field-coded and as free text).147. The ‘desirability’ of the responses was field coded by the survey team.

Sample responses (as instructed through the survey manual) for ‘desirable’ answers included, for example, “Only if the doctor says that I should”. Sample responses for ‘undesirable’ answers included “Yes, you can buy it in the shop over there!. € The variable should be interpreted as ‘the fraction of respondents who uttered a ‘desirable’ response’—the inverse is the fraction of responses that could not be deemed ‘desirable’ (eg, ‘do not know’ or ‘no opinion’).148. Because recalled descriptions of medicine tend to be ambiguous, we limited our analysis to medicines where we had a high degree of certainty that they were an antibiotic.

This was specifically the case if survey respondents mentioned common antibiotic descriptions such as ‘anti-inflammatory’, ‘amoxi’ or ‘colem’, if they indicated explicitly that they know what ‘anti-inflammatory medicine’ is (noting that the term describes antibiotics unambiguously in Thai), and if they subsequently mentioned any of the previously mentioned antibiotics during their description of an illness episode (conversely, we excluded cases were the medicine could not be confirmed as either antibiotic or non-antibiotic, including descriptions like ‘white powder’ or ‘green capsule’).149. Aristotle (1954). Rhetoric. Translated by Roberts.

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For example, the field is becoming increasingly multidisciplinary through the involvement of several United Nations agencies alongside WHO in governing AMR, and AMR policy narratives are slowly broadening the hitherto hyper-individualised and behaviour change focus of global action plans. Connor Rochford et al. (2018). "Global governance of antimicrobial resistance." The Lancet no.

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A transdisciplinary approach.124. WHO (2016). World Antibiotic Awareness Week. 2016 campaign toolkit.

Geneva. World Health Organization.125. Across the three villages, 67% of the workshop attendees were female and the average age of the attendees was 44 years (range. 18 to 81 years.

Based on subsequently collected survey data).126. Nutcha Charoenboon et al. (2019)127. We thank an anonymous reviewer for highlighting the potential hazards of reproducing hierarchies through methods intended to challenge them in the first place.128.

The research was reviewed and approved by the University of Oxford Tropical Research Ethics Committee (Ref. OxTREC 528-17), and it received local ethical approval in Thailand from the Mae Fah Luang University Research Ethics Committee on Human Research (Ref. REH 60099). The service evaluation of the photo exhibition involved anonymised data collection and received a waiver for ethical approval from the University of Warwick Humanities &.

Social Sciences Research Ethics Committee (HSSREC). However, all evaluation form respondents explicitly consented to the data being reported in research publications.129. Marco J Haenssgen et al. (2018)130.

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National Statistical Office.131. Data on the individual level would entail duplication of observations should both census survey rounds be included. Step-level data were aggregated on the illness level for analysis.132. Claire Charlotte McKechnie (2014).

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University of Sussex138. WHO (2007). Strengthening health systems to improve health outcomes. WHO’s framework for action.

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Marco Haenssgen et al. (2018)145. WHO, World Antibiotic Awareness Week. 2016 campaign toolkit.146.

The questionnaire did so by showing all survey respondents three images of common antibiotic capsules being used in Chiang Rai (green-blue. Amoxicillin. Red-black. Cloxacillin.

White-blue. Azithromycin—see questionnaire page 10 in the online supplementary material). Respondents were asked to name what they saw, and all their answers were recorded (field-coded and as free text).147. The ‘desirability’ of the responses was field coded by the survey team.

Sample responses (as instructed through the survey manual) for ‘desirable’ answers included, for example, “Only if the doctor says that I should”. Sample responses for ‘undesirable’ answers included “Yes, you can buy it in the shop over there!. € The variable should be interpreted as ‘the fraction of respondents who uttered a ‘desirable’ response’—the inverse is the fraction of responses that could not be deemed ‘desirable’ (eg, ‘do not know’ or ‘no opinion’).148. Because recalled descriptions of medicine tend to be ambiguous, we limited our analysis to medicines where we had a high degree of certainty that they were an antibiotic.

This was specifically the case if survey respondents mentioned common antibiotic descriptions such as ‘anti-inflammatory’, ‘amoxi’ or ‘colem’, if they indicated explicitly that they know what ‘anti-inflammatory medicine’ is (noting that the term describes antibiotics unambiguously in Thai), and if they subsequently mentioned any of the previously mentioned antibiotics during their description of an illness episode (conversely, we excluded cases were the medicine could not be confirmed as either antibiotic or non-antibiotic, including descriptions like ‘white powder’ or ‘green capsule’).149. Aristotle (1954). Rhetoric. Translated by Roberts.

New York, NY. Modern Library. Original edition, 350 BC.150. Arya Nielsen et al.

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"Medicine and public health in Thai historiography. From an elitist view to counter-hegemonic discourse." In Health, pluralism and globalisation. A modern history of medicine in South-East Asia, edited by Monnais and Cook. London.

The Wellcome Trust Centre for the History.153. L Sringernyuang (2000). Availability and use of medicines in rural Thailand. Amsterdam.

Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research.154. Although this was not the focus of the current paper, we note for full disclosure that the workshops, too, had mixed behavioural impacts. The poster making sessions in Chiang Rai demonstrated for instance how our conversations about drug resistance and the introduction of messages from the World Health Organization entailed at times problematic interpretations like, “You shouldn’t take medicines that you have never seen before”—the research team responded to such interpretations directly in order to avoid misunderstandings. In addition, previous behavioural analyses documented that, while workshop participants demonstrated higher levels of awareness of drug resistance, alignment of antibiotic use with global health recommendations was mixed, and in one case, a villager started selling antibiotics after the workshop.

For more details on the behavioural analysis, see Nutcha Charoenboon et al. (2019) and Marco Haenssgen et al. (2018).155. For example, Redfern, et al., Spreading the message of antimicrobial resistance.

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